Fri Mar 25 2022

61 articles - From Saturday Mar 19 2022 to Friday Mar 25 2022

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Guidelines

Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Telehealth for Substance Use Disorders: A Rapid Review for the 2021 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Guidelines for Management of Substance Use Disorders.

Evidence is very uncertain that telehealth is similar to in-person care for SUD outcomes. Limited evidence suggests some benefit of adding telehealth to usual SUD care. Primary funding source U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Veterans Health Administration.

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The Management of Substance Use Disorders: Synopsis of the 2021 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guideline.

The guideline panel developed key questions, systematically searched and evaluated the literature, created two 1-page algorithms, and distilled 35 recommendations for care using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system. This synopsis presents the recommendations that were believed to be the most clinically impactful. Recommendations The scope of the CPG is broad; however, this synopsis focuses on key recommendations for the management of alcohol use disorder, use of buprenorphine in opioid use disorder, contingency management, and use of technology and telehealth to manage patients remotely.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews


Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Risk for Acute Myocardial Infarction After Ophthalmologic Procedures.

Ophthalmologic procedures done in an outpatient setting did not seem to be associated with an increased risk for AMI. Primary funding source Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Swedish Research Council.

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Risk for Shoulder Conditions After Vaccination: A Population-Based Study Using Real-World Data.

These population-based data suggest a small absolute risk for shoulder conditions after vaccination. Given the high burden of shoulder conditions, clinicians should pay attention to any factors that may further increase risks. Primary funding source Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Lancet

Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) and delta (B.1.617.2) variants in England: a cohort study.

Documented previous SARS-CoV-2 infection offered some protection against hospitalisation and high protection against death in unvaccinated individuals, but only offered additional protection in vaccinated individuals for the death endpoint. Booster vaccination with mRNA vaccines maintains over 70% protection against hospitalisation and death in breakthrough confirmed omicron infections. Funding Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation, Department of Health and Social Care, National Institute for Health Research, Community Jameel, and Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Effectiveness of rAd26-rAd5, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, and BBIBP-CorV vaccines for risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and death due to COVID-19 in people older than 60 years in Argentina: a test-negative, case-control, and retrospective longitudinal study.

First dose effect of viral vector vaccines remained stable over time. Interpretation The vaccines used in Argentina showed effectiveness in reducing infection and death by SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Funding None.

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Effectiveness of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine in health-care workers in South Africa (the Sisonke study): results from a single-arm, open-label, phase 3B, implementation study.

COV2. S vaccine shows effectiveness against severe COVID-19 disease and COVID-19-related death after vaccination, and against both beta and delta variants, providing real-world evidence for its use globally. Funding National Treasury of South Africa, the National Department of Health, Solidarity Response Fund NPC, The Michael & Susan Dell Foundation, The Elma Vaccines and Immunization Foundation, and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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Population health outcomes in Nigeria compared with other west African countries, 1998-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Interpretation Health outcomes remain poor in Nigeria despite higher expenditure since 2001. Better outcomes in countries with equivalent or lower health expenditure suggest health system strengthening and targeted intervention to address unsafe water sources, poor sanitation, malnutrition, and exposure to air pollution could substantially improve population health. Funding The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

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The effect of two midwives during the second stage of labour to reduce severe perineal trauma (Oneplus): a multicentre, randomised controlled trial in Sweden.

There was a significant reduction in SPT in the intervention group (3·9% [61 of 1546] vs 5·7% [86 of 1513]; adjusted OR 0·69 (0·49-0·97). Interpretation The presence of two midwives during the active second stage can reduce SPT in women giving birth for the first time. Funding The Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare; Jan Hains Research Foundation; and Skane County Council's Research and Development Foundation.

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N Engl J Med

Hydrocortisone to Improve Survival without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia.

In this trial involving preterm infants, hydrocortisone treatment starting on postnatal day 14 to 28 did not result in substantially higher survival without moderate or severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia than placebo. Survival without moderate or severe neurodevelopmental impairment did not differ substantially between the two groups. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01353313.).

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Safety and Efficacy of a Third Dose of BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine.

A third dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine administered a median of 10.8 months after the second dose provided 95.3% efficacy against Covid-19 as compared with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine during a median follow-up of 2.5 months. (Funded by BioNTech and Pfizer; C4591031 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04955626.).

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Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis.

Single-dose liposomal amphotericin B combined with flucytosine and fluconazole was noninferior to the WHO-recommended treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis and was associated with fewer adverse events. (Funded by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership and others; Ambition ISRCTN number, ISRCTN72509687.).

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Trastuzumab Deruxtecan versus Trastuzumab Emtansine for Breast Cancer.

Among patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with trastuzumab and a taxane, the risk of disease progression or death was lower among those who received trastuzumab deruxtecan than among those who received trastuzumab emtansine. Treatment with trastuzumab deruxtecan was associated with interstitial lung disease and pneumonitis. (Funded by Daiichi Sankyo and AstraZeneca; DESTINY-Breast03 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03529110.).

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Ann Intern Med

A Patient Price Guide for Prescription Medication.

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Lancet

Nigeria: rightly taking its place on the world stage.

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Offline: Ukraine-where responsibility lies.

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The Lancet Nigeria Commission: investing in health and the future of the nation.

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N Engl J Med

Audio Interview: Covid-19: Why We Publish What We Do.

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Current Management of Glycemia in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.

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Hydrocortisone to Prevent Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia - Not a Silver Bullet.

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Toward Simpler, Safer Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Lancet

36-fold higher estimate of deaths attributable to red meat intake in GBD 2019: is this reliable? - Author's reply.

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An attack on a nuclear power plant during a war is indiscriminate terrorism.

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Global mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperatures - Authors' reply.

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Global mortality burden attributable to non-optimal temperatures.

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Is stenting equivalent to endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis?

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Is stenting equivalent to endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis?

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Is stenting equivalent to endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis? - Authors' reply.

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The UN must provide secure medical and humanitarian assistance in Ukraine.

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War in Ukraine and barriers to diabetes care.

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War is a public health emergency.

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War surgery and transfusion in makeshift hospitals in beleaguered cities.

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N Engl J Med

Antibody Use during an Outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo, 2020.

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Detection of Tetrahydrocannabinol in Injured Drivers.

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Detection of Tetrahydrocannabinol in Injured Drivers. Reply.

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Neutralization Profile after Recovery from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection.

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Race and Ethnicity in Clinical Case Presentations.

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Race and Ethnicity in Clinical Case Presentations.

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Race and Ethnicity in Clinical Case Presentations.

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Race and Ethnicity in Clinical Case Presentations. Reply.

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Others

all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…

Ann Intern Med

Preoperative Evaluation Can Delay Ophthalmologic Surgery Without Improving Outcomes.

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Shifting Focus to Evidence-Based Management of Substance Use Disorders.

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Summary for Patients: Risk for Heart Attack After Eye Procedures.

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Web Exclusive. Annals Graphic Medicine - Dr. Mom: Stickers to Add to Your Annual Review.

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Lancet

Alberto García-Basteiro: seeking better TB control in Mozambique.

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Califf takes the helm at the US FDA, again.

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CEPI launches 100-day vaccine "moonshot".

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Evaluating COVID-19 vaccines in the real world.

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Infective endocarditis and thromboses due to antiphospholipid syndrome following acute Q fever.

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Omicron: fewer adverse outcomes come with new dangers.

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Sarah Weddington.

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Sisonke: reaching several goals together.

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The misuse of race in the search for disease-causing alleles.

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The value of alleviating suffering and dignifying death in war and humanitarian crises.

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Two midwives during the second stage of labour to reduce severe perineal trauma.

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N Engl J Med

A Boost for Muscle with Gene Therapy.

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Case 9-2022: A 56-Year-Old Woman with Fever, Myalgias, Diarrhea, and Cough.

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Concomitant Urinary Triple Phosphate and Cystine Crystals.

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Digital Inclusion as Health Care - Supporting Health Care Equity with Digital-Infrastructure Initiatives.

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Melanoma of the Palpebral Conjunctiva and Eyelid.

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Misusing Public Health as a Pretext to End Asylum - Title 42.

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